Writer and theologian (B. 1875, Rostovna / Don /
Russia – D. October 29, 1949, Cairo / Egypt). He is a Kazan Turk. He began with
his education in Gölboyu Madrasah in Kazan.
But he returned to Rostov
after a short while. He was mostly interested in mathematics and sciences; so
he was enrolled at Real School of Russians. He went to Bukhara in order to engage in Islamic law and
history; but he was disappointed. So he went to Istanbul
and then to Egypt
to continue with his training. After staying there for a couple of months, he
went to Hejaz, Mecca and Medina;
then returned to Rostov via India in 1904.
He attended to Petersburg Faculty of Law for a while. He taught Arabic and
religious history lectures at Huseyniye Madrasah in Orenburg (1909).
His first
articles were published in Ülfet
newspaper. Then he wrote in Şûra journal.
Following the 1917 Bolshevik revolution, he was arrested at a travel to Taşkent
and imprisoned for eleven months. He prepared the alphabet of Islam and it was
published in Berlin
in 1923. After the publication of this work, Musa Carullah was arrested by
Russians and imprisoned in Moscow.
He was released three months later with the attempt of his fellow countrymen
living in Finland
and help of İsmet İnonu.
He attended to the Mecca
Islam Assembly in 1926. He went to East Turkistan as his life was endangered,
then he took refuge in Afghanistan.
He went to Finland in 1931,
via India and Egypt.
He participated as an
audience to the First Turkish History Congress organized in Ankara
in 1932, then he left Turkey
and travelled the Middle Eastern countries. He returned to Finland in 1933. He traveled Iran, Iraq
and Egypt.
He went to Japan and China in 1938, and returned to India in 1938
after the beginning of Second World War. He considered settling down in Afghanistan,
but British have suspected and arrested him; he was imprisoned for eighteen
months. He was released from the prison with the help of Behopal ruler Muhammed
Hamidullah and he was taken to the palace. He came to Turkey in 1947
and became a Turkish citizen.
WORKS:
Rusya
Müslümanlarının 3. Nedvesi (1906), Müslüman
İttifakının Programı ve Şerhi (1906), Rahmet-i İlahiye Buhranları
(1911), Uzun Günlerde Ruze (1911), Uzun Günlerde Oruç (1975), Siyonizm
(1911), Nazimetü’z-Zehra (1912), Islâhat Esasları (1914), Zekât
(1916), Şeriat Esasları (1916), Tarihü’l-Kur’an ve’1-Mesahif
(1923), Nizamü’t-Takvim fi’1-İslâm (1935), Eyyamu Hayatı’n-Nebiy
(1935), El-Kanunu’l-Medeni fi’1-İslâm (1946), Kitâbu’s-Sünne (1998),
İslâm’ın Elifba’sı (2000).
REFERENCE: Mehmet Görmez / Musa Cârullah Bigiyef (1994), Ertuğrul Yaman / Türkiye’deki Türk Dünyası (A.K. Bolaç ve A. Esatoğlu ile, 1998), Ölümünün 50. Yıldönümünde Musa Cârullah Bigiyef ‘1875-1949’ (2002), Ahmet Kanlıdere / Kadimle Cedit Arasında Musa Cârullah: Hayatı, Eserleri, Fikirleri (2005) - “Musa Carullah” (TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi, c. 31, s. 214-216, 2006), İhsan Işık / Türkiye Edebiyatçılar ve Kültür Adamları Ansiklopedisi (2006), ‘Çare, 500 yıldır Bosna’da süregelen İslam’ (Haberturk, 18 Ocak 2015), İhsan Işık / Türkiye Yazarlar Ansiklopedisi (2001, 2004) – Encyclopedia of Turkish Authors (2005) - Resimli ve Metin Örnekli Türkiye Edebiyatçılar ve Kültür Adamları Ansiklopedisi (2006, gen. 2. bas. 2007) - Ünlü Fikir ve Kültür Adamları (Türkiye Ünlüleri Ansiklopedisi, C. 3, 2013) - Encyclopedia of Turkey’s Famous People (2013).
