Bakî

Divan Şairi

Diğer İsimler
Mahmud Abdülbaki

Divan poet (b. 1526, İstanbul – d. 1600). Baki, whose real name was Mahmud Abdülbaki, was the son of Mehmed Efendi, one of the muezzins of Fatih Mosque. He worked as an apprentice in order to support his poor family at a young age. He took lessons from the famous scholars of the time during his education at theological school, where he had a strong passion for reading. He was a classmate of the period’s poets, Nevi, Valihi from Üsküp and the historian Hoca Saadettin. During his years of study his poems were noticed and valued by the famous poet and notary Zati. The young poet Baki found a respected place among İstanbul’s poets when he was eighteen or nineteen. He taught at theological schools in İstanbul after graduating. He also became a Muslim judge in Edirne, Mecca and İstanbul (1575-82), and as the Judge of Anatolian (1585-90) and Rumelia (1591-1600) until his death. He was removed from, and then reinstated to his posts from time to time. He died without being able to reach his goal of being the Head of Religious Affairs. He is considered one of the greatest poets of Turkish literature with the work he bequeathed.

Because Fuzuli had lived near Baghdad and wrote in Azerbaijani Turkish, he became famous as the greatest poet of the 16th century. Baki, who reflected some of the incidents that occurred in his lifetime, created stunning scenes in these works and gave consideration to philosophy and mystic thought. Baki’s reputation passed beyond the Ottoman borders and spread throughout Persia and India. He was considered “Sulatanü’ş Şuara” (the Sultan of Poets) by other renowned poets. Kanunî Mersiyesi (Kanuni Sultan Süleyman’s Elegy) is one of his most well-known and loved poems, the sorrow due to Süleyman’s death being expressed with sincerity and artistic language. In addition to his divan* he translated religious and historian works. His grave is near Eyüp in İstanbul.

WORKS:

Divan (Divan*, 1859, İstanbul; 1910, Prague, 1935 by Sadettin Nüzhet Ergun), Mâlimü'l-Yakîn fi Siret-i Seyyidü'l-Mürselin (Inside information on the Prophets’ Life Stories, translation of Mevahi-bü'l-Ledünniye (Present from God), from İmam Kastalanî), Fezâilü'l-Cihad (Virtuous Endeavor, translation from Ahmed İbn İbrahim), Fezâil-i Mekke (History of Mecca), Hadis-i Erbain (Translation of the Forty Hadis* of Muhammad).

KAYNAKÇA: Recâizâde Mahmud Ekrem / Kûdemadan Birkaç Şair (1888), M. Fuad Köprülü / Bâki  (Türk Dünyası Gazetesi Edebî İlave, sayı: 1-7 Eylül-Ekim 1917), Tahir Olgun / Bakî’ye Dair (1938), Ali Nihat Tarlan / Hayalî-Bakî (TDED, sayı: 1, s. 26-38, 1946), Harun Tolasa  / Bâki (TDE Ansiklopedisi, c. 1, s. 300-303, 1977), N. Sami Banarlı / Resimli Türk Edebiyatı Tarihi (c. 1, s. 582, 1979), Mehmet Çavuşoğlu / Bâki (TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, c. 4, 1991), Mehmet Nuri Yardım / Edebiyatımızın Güleryüzü (2002), İhsan Işık / Yazarlar Sözlüğü (1990, 1998) - Türkiye Yazarlar Ansiklopedisi (2001, 2004) – Encyclopedia of Turkish Authors (2005) - Resimli ve Metin Örnekli Türkiye Edebiyatçılar ve Kültür Adamları Ansiklopedisi (2006, gen. 2. bas. 2007) – Ünlü Edebiyatçılar (Türkiye Ünlüleri Ansiklopedisi, C. 4, 2013) - Encyclopedia of Turkey’s Famous People (2013). 

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